中文簡介

機(jī)械工程是應(yīng)用工程、物理、工程數(shù)學(xué)和材料科學(xué)原理來設(shè)計(jì)、分析、制造和維護(hù)機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的學(xué)科。它是最古老和最廣泛的工程學(xué)科之一。機(jī)械工程領(lǐng)域需要了解核心領(lǐng)域，包括力學(xué)、動力學(xué)、熱力學(xué)、材料科學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)分析和電學(xué)。除了這些核心原則，機(jī)械工程師還使用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)(CAD)、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造(CAM)和產(chǎn)品生命周期管理等工具來設(shè)計(jì)和分析制造工廠、工業(yè)設(shè)備和機(jī)械、加熱和冷卻系統(tǒng)、運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)、飛機(jī)、船舶、機(jī)器人、醫(yī)療設(shè)備、武器等。它是工程的一個(gè)分支，涉及機(jī)械的設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)和操作。機(jī)械工程是18世紀(jì)歐洲工業(yè)革命中出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域，但其發(fā)展可以追溯到幾千年前的世界各地。19世紀(jì)，物理學(xué)的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了機(jī)械工程科學(xué)的發(fā)展。該領(lǐng)域不斷發(fā)展，不斷融合先進(jìn)技術(shù)；如今，機(jī)械工程師正在尋求復(fù)合材料、機(jī)電一體化和納米技術(shù)等領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展。它還與航空航天工程、冶金工程、土木工程、電氣工程、制造工程、化學(xué)工程、工業(yè)工程和其他工程學(xué)科有不同程度的重疊。機(jī)械工程師也可以在生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程領(lǐng)域工作，特別是在生物力學(xué)、運(yùn)輸現(xiàn)象、生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)、生物納米技術(shù)和生物系統(tǒng)建模方面。

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英文簡介

Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies engineering, physics, engineering mathematics, and materials science principles to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems. It is one of the oldest and broadest of the engineering disciplines.The mechanical engineering field requires an understanding of core areas including mechanics, dynamics, thermodynamics, materials science, structural analysis, and electricity. In addition to these core principles, mechanical engineers use tools such as computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and product life cycle management to design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, aircraft, watercraft, robotics, medical devices, weapons, and others. It is the branch of engineering that involves the design, production, and operation of machinery.[1][2]Mechanical engineering emerged as a field during the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 18th century; however, its development can be traced back several thousand years around the world. In the 19th century, developments in physics led to the development of mechanical engineering science. The field has continually evolved to incorporate advancements; today mechanical engineers are pursuing developments in such areas as composites, mechatronics, and nanotechnology. It also overlaps with aerospace engineering, metallurgical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, manufacturing engineering, chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and other engineering disciplines to varying amounts. Mechanical engineers may also work in the field of biomedical engineering, specifically with biomechanics, transport phenomena, biomechatronics, bionanotechnology, and modelling of biological systems.